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Creativity in design education: an educational psychology model of motivation, cognitive load, and self-efficacy
1College of Arts and Design, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Objective:
This study examines the statistical relationships among learning motivation, cognitive load, creative self-efficacy, and expert-rated creative performance among undergraduate design students.
Methods:
A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with 428 valid responses from undergraduate students majoring in design-related disciplines. Students first completed a design task, after which questionnaire data were collected and anonymized design works were evaluated by three independent experts. SPSS was used for descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression-based path analysis, and Bootstrap tests of statistical indirect effects; AMOS was used to evaluate the measurement model.
Results:
Learning motivation and germane cognitive load were positively associated with creative self-efficacy. Creative self-efficacy showed the strongest positive association with design creative performance, and germane cognitive load showed a smaller positive direct association. Extraneous cognitive load was negatively correlated with creative performance at the bivariate level, but its adjusted direct path was not statistically significant; therefore, H5 was not supported. Intrinsic cognitive load was not significant. Bootstrap results indicated significant statistical indirect relationships through creative self-efficacy.
Conclusion:
The findings suggest that design creativity is associated with students' motivation, meaningful cognitive engagement, and creative self-beliefs. Because the questionnaire was administered after the design task, the indirect effects should be interpreted as statistical indirect relationships rather than evidence of causal or temporal mediation.
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