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Discrepancy between the Recommended and Functional Cut Offs of Vitamin D among Under-five Children: Experiences from

Suchitra Surve1, Shahina Begum2, Sanjay Chauhan3

  • 1Department of Clinical Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|August 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is highly prevalent in Indian children aged 1-5 years, affecting 74.6%. Reduced outdoor activity is a key associated factor, suggesting a need to re-evaluate VDD cutoffs for this age group.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Vitamin D is crucial for bone health and calcium balance in children.
  • Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in early childhood can impact bone mass and increase osteoporosis risk.
  • Limited data exists on VDD prevalence in children under five years old.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the community-based prevalence of VDD in children aged 1-5 years.
  • To identify factors associated with VDD in this age group.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 201 apparently healthy children aged 1-5 years in a Mumbai urban slum.
  • VDD defined as serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels <20 ng/ml.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of VDD was 74.6% (95% CI [68.6-80.6]).
  • VDD was significantly more common in children with limited outdoor activity (44.8%).
  • Serum 25(OH)D showed negative correlations with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase.

Conclusions:

  • A high prevalence of VDD exists in Indian children aged 1-5 years.
  • Outdoor activity and sun exposure are significantly associated with Vitamin D status.
  • The study suggests potentially lower functional cutoffs for VDD in under-five children and the need for re-evaluation in Indian populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
Hypovitaminosis DVitamin DVitamin D deficiencyunder-five children

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