Generation and analysis of a mouse model of pseudohypoaldosteronism type II caused by KLHL3 mutation in BTB domain

The Kelch-like 3 ( KLHL3) mutations contributed to the most common causative genes in patients with pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII); however, the molecular mechanisms of PHAII-causing mutations in BTB domain of KLHL3 in vivo have not been investigated. We generated and analyzed Klhl3 knock-in (KI) mice carrying a missense M131V mutation in the BTB domain (corresponding to human KLHL3 M78V mutation). Klhl3^M131V/+ KI mice exhibited typical PHAII phenotype with an exaggerated diuretic response to hydrochlorothiazide. Their kidney tissues showed an unchanged KLHL3, decreased cullin 3 (Cul3), and increased with-no-lysine kinases (WNKs) WNK1 and WNK4 along with an enhanced downstream ste20-related proline/alanine-rich kinase/oxidative stress response kinase 1-N(K)CC phosphorylation. Their Cul3 protein in the cytosol of distal convoluted tubule cells was also significantly attenuated on immunogold-labeling electron microscopy. In microdissected renal tubules, Klhl3^M131V/+ KI mice expressed high levels of Wnk4 mRNA in the distal nephron. In vitro coimmunoprecipitation showed the KLHL3 BTB domain mutation retained intact interaction with WNKs but reduced binding to Cul3, thus leading to the increased abundance of total WNKs. In summary, Klhl3^M131V/+ KI mice feature typical PHAII with a simultaneous increase of WNK1 and WNK4 through the impaired KLHL3 BTB domain binding to Cul3.-Lin, C.-M., Cheng, C.-J., Yang, S.-S., Tseng, M.-H., Yen, M.-T., Sung, C.-C., Lin, S.-H. Generation and analysis of a mouse model of pseudohypoaldosteronism type II caused by KLHL3 mutation in BTB domain.