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Rinderpest eradication: challenges for remaining disease free and implications for future eradication efforts.

K Hamilton, M D Baron, K Matsuo

    Revue Scientifique Et Technique (International Office of Epizootics)
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    Summary

    Rinderpest virus was eradicated globally in 2011, but infectious material remains in 22 facilities worldwide. Continued risk management is crucial to prevent rinderpest reoccurrence in livestock.

    Keywords:
    BetailCooperation internationaleEradicationPeste bovineSequestration du virusStockage et conservation des medicaments et virusTerrorisme biologique

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Global Disease Eradication
    • Infectious Disease Risk Management

    Background:

    • Rinderpest was declared globally eradicated by the OIE and FAO in 2011.
    • Rinderpest virus and infected materials are still stored in facilities worldwide.
    • A risk of reoccurrence persists due to potential accidental or intentional release of stored virus.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the framework established by OIE and FAO to manage the risk of rinderpest reoccurrence.
    • To assess the progress made in reducing stored virus quantities and ensuring secure storage.
    • To highlight the ongoing need for vigilance and contingency planning post-eradication.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of official reports submitted to the OIE regarding stored rinderpest virus.
    • Analysis of the number of facilities storing virus and the security status of these sites.
    • Evaluation of the implementation of risk mitigation strategies set by OIE and FAO.

    Main Results:

    • In 2016, 22 facilities in 21 countries still stored rinderpest virus or related materials.
    • Only five of these facilities had been inspected and approved for virus storage.
    • Significant work remains to reduce the quantity of stored material and ensure adequate security.

    Conclusions:

    • Despite global eradication, rinderpest virus remains a potential threat due to stored infectious materials.
    • Incomplete implementation of security and risk reduction measures necessitates ongoing efforts.
    • Sustained vigilance and robust contingency planning are essential to prevent future outbreaks.