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Related Concept Videos

Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

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For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
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Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method01:24

Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method

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The alternative coordinate method, also known as the Shoelace Formula, is a technique for determining the area of a traverse using Cartesian coordinates. This method relies on the sequential arrangement of x and y coordinates for each point of the shape, ensuring accuracy and ease of application.In this approach, each corner's x and y coordinates are listed as fractions, with the x-coordinate as the numerator and the y-coordinate as the denominator. These coordinates are arranged sequentially...
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Alkali Metals03:06

Alkali Metals

24.8K
Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
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Coordination Modulation Method To Prepare New Metal-Organic Framework-Based CO-Releasing Materials.

Francisco J Carmona1, Carmen R Maldonado1, Shuya Ikemura2,3

  • 1Department of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Granada , Av. Fuentenueva S/N , 18071 Granada , Spain.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Aluminum-based MOFs (CYCU-3) were synthesized with controlled crystal sizes for use as carbon monoxide-releasing molecule carriers. The best performing material, CYCU-3

Keywords:
carbon monoxidecontinuous rotation electron diffractionguest inclusionmetal−organic frameworksolid-state materials

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Aluminum-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), specifically CYCU-3 ([Al(OH)(SDC)]n), are synthesized using the coordination modulation method.
  • Control over crystal size and morphology is achieved by adjusting reagent concentrations and modulator/ligand ratios.
  • A new phase, CYCU-3', is identified at high modulator/ligand ratios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of CYCU-3 MOFs as carriers for the photo- and bioactive carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (CORM), ALF794.
  • To synthesize and characterize ALF794-loaded MOF hybrid materials (CORMAs).
  • To evaluate the stability, CO-releasing properties, and metal retention of the developed CORMAs.

Main Methods:

  • Coordination modulation method used to synthesize CYCU-3 MOFs with varying particle sizes and morphologies (CYCU x_y).
  • Screening of reagent concentrations (20-60 mM) and modulator/ligand ratios (0-50).
  • Adsorption of ALF794 onto selected CYCU-3 variants (CYCU-3 20_0, CYCU-3 50_5, CYCU-3' 50_50) followed by characterization.

Main Results:

  • CYCU-3 20_0 (nanometric particles) showed instability during drug loading.
  • CYCU-3 50_5 and CYCU-3' 50_50 exhibited similar ALF794 loading capacities (0.20 and 0.19 CORM/MOF molar ratios).
  • Both hybrid materials functioned as CORMAs, retaining ALF794's photoactivity. CYCU-3' 50_50 demonstrated superior molybdenum retention (75% after 72h).

Conclusions:

  • Tailored aluminum-based MOFs can effectively serve as carriers for CO-releasing molecules.
  • The new phase CYCU-3' 50_50 exhibits promising properties as a stable and efficient CORMA with reduced metal leaching.
  • This MOF-based CORMA represents a significant advancement in drug delivery systems, offering enhanced safety and efficacy.