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Appearance/Image- and Performance-Enhancing Drug Users: A Forensic Approach.
Monia Lusetti, Manuela Licata, Enrico Silingardi
1DISSAL, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
|August 29, 2018
Summary
Image- and performance-enhancing drug users often have cardiovascular issues. Postmortem analysis revealed nandrolone and testosterone were common steroids, alongside illegal drugs and other medications, highlighting the need for thorough investigation into their role in death.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Toxicology
- Cardiovascular Pathology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) are widely used for physical enhancement.
- Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are a primary class of IPEDs.
- Cardiovascular complications are a concern in IPED users.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify cardiovascular pathological changes in IPED users.
- To characterize substances associated with steroid use.
- To determine the role of these substances in death.
Main Methods:
- Selection of death cases involving IPED users.
- Postmortem toxicological analysis.
- Pathological examination of cardiovascular systems.
Main Results:
- Nandrolone and testosterone were the most frequently identified steroids.
- Commonly detected illicit drugs included tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, and methadone.
- Other detected substances included antidepressants, opioids, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates.
Conclusions:
- Postmortem investigations require meticulous evaluation of all identified substances.
- Understanding the contribution of each substance is crucial for determining cause of death.
- Alternative causes of death must be excluded in IPED-related fatalities.
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