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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.6K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.6K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

131.1K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
131.1K
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

8.4K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
8.4K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.1K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.1K
Solvating Effects02:12

Solvating Effects

8.8K
An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also explains the relative stability of conjugate bases for compounds with different pKa values. This lesson details, in-depth, the principle of solvating effects. The strength of an acid and the stability of its corresponding conjugate base are determined using pKa values. This observed relationship is a consequence of solvation, which is the interaction...
8.8K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.3K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.3K

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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface
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Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface

Published on: January 24, 2018

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Solvate Ionic Liquids at Electrified Interfaces.

Zhou Yu1, Chao Fang1, Jingsong Huang2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Solvate ionic liquids (SILs) maintain structure at charged battery interfaces. Structural changes in lithium-glyme complexes at negative potentials may enhance Li-ion battery performance.

Keywords:
DFT calculationNBO calculationchelate structureelectrical double layermolecular dynamicsnanostructuresolvate ionic liquids

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Solvate ionic liquids (SILs) are advanced electrolytes for Li-ion batteries.
  • Understanding SIL behavior at electrified interfaces is key for battery operation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the interfacial behavior of a prototypical SIL, [Li(G3)][TFSI], at electrified surfaces.
  • Examine how electrode charge affects the solvation and structure of interfacial Li+ ions.
  • Determine the impact of structural distortions on the electrochemical properties of the Li(G3) cation.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of [Li(G3)][TFSI] between electrified surfaces.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) and natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations.

Main Results:

  • At neutral and negatively charged electrodes, interfacial Li+ ions maintain coordination similar to bulk SILs.
  • G3 ligands adapt by aligning with the surface, ensuring Li+ solvation.
  • Negative electrode charging induces deviations in Li+ solvation shells, altering the Li(G3) cation structure.
  • Structural distortions impact frontier orbital energies and Li+-G3 interactions, potentially facilitating Li+ reduction.

Conclusions:

  • SILs exhibit robust interfacial characteristics, with G3 ligands adapting to electrode environments.
  • Electrode charge influences interfacial Li+ solvation, leading to structural distortions.
  • These distortions can tune the electrochemical properties of SILs, offering pathways for designing improved Li-ion battery electrolytes.