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On-Chip Tuning of Superconductivity in Fullerides via Current-Driven Rb+ Intercalation.

Konstantin P Shchukin1,2, Oliver N Gallego Lacey3, Baptiste Coquinot4

  • 1Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Technische Universität Wien, Gußhausstraße 25, Vienna 1040, Austria.

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|June 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

We developed electro-intercalation for on-chip synthesis of alkali-metal materials. This method precisely tunes stoichiometry, enhancing fulleride superconductor performance from 7.0 K to 14.5 K.

Keywords:
Ramanalkali metalfullerideintercalationsuperconductivity

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Alkali-metal-intercalated materials, such as fullerides, exhibit unique electronic properties.
  • Precise control over stoichiometry is crucial for tuning the properties of these materials.
  • Existing synthesis methods often lack stoichiometric precision and scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an in-operando electro-intercalation method for on-chip synthesis and characterization.
  • To synthesize Rb-intercalated C60 (fulleride) superconductors.
  • To investigate the relationship between stoichiometry and superconductivity in fullerides.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an electro-intercalation technique for on-chip synthesis within ultrahigh vacuum (UHV).
  • Utilized UHV-Raman spectroscopy to monitor material stoichiometry during intercalation.
  • Employed transport measurements to probe superconducting properties.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized Rb-intercalated C60 films with tunable stoichiometry.
  • Observed an increase in superconducting transition temperature (Tc) from 7.0 K to 14.5 K as stoichiometry varied from Rb2.7C60 to Rb3C60.
  • Demonstrated electro-intercalation via an electronic current, following a Butler-Volmer-type mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • Electro-intercalation offers superior stoichiometric precision and control compared to traditional methods.
  • The technique allows for seamless stoichiometry adjustment and is not limited by material volume.
  • This method is a powerful tool for on-chip synthesis of intercalated materials, with applications in battery research and beyond.