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An Experimental Platform to Study the Closed-loop Performance of Brain-machine Interfaces

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Screening for Cognitive Function in Complete Immobility Using Brain-Machine Interfaces: A Proof of Principle Study.

Dorothée Lulé¹, Katharina Hörner¹, Cynthia Vazquez¹

¹Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.

Frontiers in Neuroscience

|August 31, 2018

Summary

A new brain-machine interface (BMI) version of the Edinburgh cognitive and behavioral ALS screen (ECAS) effectively screens cognition in advanced neurological conditions. This ECAS-BMI offers congruent results with low patient burden, addressing a gap in cognitive assessment for severely impaired individuals.

Keywords:

ECAS P300 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brain–computer interface brain–machine interface cognition neuropsychology oddball

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurology
Rehabilitation Engineering

Background:

Neurological conditions often involve combined physical and cognitive decline.
A standardized cognitive screening method is lacking for patients with advanced physical disabilities affecting speech and motor skills.

Purpose of the Study:

To adapt the Edinburgh cognitive and behavioral ALS screen (ECAS) for brain-machine interface (BMI) control.
To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a BMI-controlled cognitive screening tool for severely impaired patients.

Main Methods:

The Edinburgh cognitive and behavioral ALS screen (ECAS) was adapted into a BMI control module.
Cognitive screening was performed on 40 healthy subjects and 6 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients using both standard and BMI-ECAS versions.

Main Results:

High congruency was observed between the BMI-ECAS and the paper-and-pencil ECAS.
The ECAS-BMI demonstrated mostly high sensitivity and specificity.
Patient stress and weariness were low when using the ECAS-BMI.

Conclusions:

Adapting standardized neuropsychological tests for BMI control is feasible.
BMI-driven cognitive tests provide congruent results comparable to standard tests.
The ECAS-BMI offers a sensitive, specific, and low-burden cognitive screening solution for severely disabled patients.