Analysis of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Women
Maria Stanislavovna Tairova1, Lucas Odacir Graciolli1, Olga Sergueevna Tairova1
1Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Institute of Sports Medicine of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
Insights
This study found that while women have unique cardiovascular risk factors, traditional factors like genetics and lifestyle habits are the primary drivers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Prevention and treatment should focus on these key areas for women.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Women's Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality in women.
- Understanding specific risk factors in vulnerable female populations is crucial for effective prevention.
- This study investigates cardiovascular risk factors in women at a specialized institute.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and evaluate principal cardiovascular risk factors in a vulnerable female population.
- To assess potential confounding variables influencing cardiovascular events in women.
- To analyze the relationship between gynecological history and cardiovascular disease.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional descriptive study design.
- Analysis of 91 female patients from the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Institute.
- Data collected via phone interviews, including medical history, comorbidities, habits, and gynecological history.
Main Results:
- High prevalence of hypertension (82.4%), dyslipidemia (61.5%), and diabetes (25.3%).
- Average BMI of 29.27 indicates overweight status.
- 70% of hysterectomy patients experienced acute coronary syndrome post-procedure; 80.5% of post-menopause patients had their first event after menopause.
Conclusions:
- Multiple lifetime risk factors contribute to cardiovascular disease in women.
- Gynecological factors showed similar CVD prevalence compared to women without them, suggesting they are confounding.
- Emphasis on genetic factors and lifestyle habits is critical for CVD prevention and treatment in women.
Aim:
Study the cardiovascular risk factors in a feminine population vulnerable to cardiovascular events particularly to evaluate the principal factors or possible confounding variables.
Methods:
This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Were analysed all the female patients from the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Institute of Sports Medicine of Caxias do Sul who had the complete information on cardiovascular disease history, comorbidities and habits and who knew the complete gynaecological history by a phone interview.
Results:
A group of 91 patients were analysed. About the comorbidities and habits, 45.2% of these patients presented some tobacco load, 82.4% are hypertensive, 61.5% are dyslipidemic, 25.3% are diabetic and the BMI average was 29.27 (overweight). Between the patients who undergone a hysterectomy and had an episode of the acute coronary syndrome (10 patients), 70% had the event after the procedure. Between the post-menopause women with at least one episode of the acute coronary syndrome, 80.5% (33 patients) had the first event after the menopause.
Conclusion:
We found multiple lifetime risk factors that predisposed the women of the sample to have cardiovascular disease. Between the women with specific to women risk factors and without, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease was very similar. This information supports the idea that these are just confounding factors of CVD and the principals involved are the genetic factors and habits. For this reason, the focus of CVD prevention and treatment should be directed towards these aspects.
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