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Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in Children and Adults: What Is New in 2018?

Katja Kovacic1, Manu Sood2, Thangam Venkatesan3

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9000 W. Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. kkovacic@mcw.edu.

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|August 31, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting both children and adults. This review highlights recent findings on CVS diagnosis, management, and its link to migraine therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a debilitating functional gastrointestinal disorder.
  • CVS is characterized by recurrent, severe vomiting episodes interspersed with symptom-free intervals.
  • Once considered primarily a pediatric condition, CVS is increasingly diagnosed in adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on CVS prevalence, diagnosis, and management in pediatric and adult populations.
  • To highlight recent advancements in understanding CVS pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies.
  • To present best practices and novel treatments for CVS based on expert consensus and literature review.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent studies on Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome.
  • Analysis of expert consensus on CVS diagnosis and management.
  • Synthesis of data on comorbidities, mechanisms, and therapeutic avenues for CVS.

Main Results:

  • CVS recognition has increased in adults over the past decade.
  • CVS shares a common pathway with migraines, responding to similar therapies.
  • New comorbidities, mechanisms, and potential treatments for CVS are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Despite improved recognition, CVS remains a functional gastrointestinal disorder lacking a defined pathophysiology and biomarker.
  • The link between CVS and migraines suggests shared neurological pathways.
  • Ongoing research is expanding therapeutic options and understanding of CVS.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndromeCyclic vomiting syndromeFunctional nausea and vomiting disorders

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