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A microfluidic cell-trapping device to study dynamic host-microbe interactions at the single-cell level.

Chiara Toniolo1, Matthieu Delincé1, John D McKinney1

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Methods in Cell Biology
|September 1, 2018
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Summary

This study introduces a microfluidic platform to track host-microbe interactions by immobilizing motile cells. This innovation enables detailed, single-cell visualization of infection dynamics and cellular responses to treatments.

Keywords:
Host–pathogen interactionMicrofluidicsPhenotypic heterogeneitySingle-cell analysisTime-lapse microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions

Background:

  • Studying host-microbe interactions at the single-cell level is challenging due to cellular motility, which causes cells to exit the imaging field.
  • Conventional population-based assays do not provide insights into dynamic, individual cellular responses during infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic platform that overcomes cellular motility limitations for long-term, single-cell imaging of host-microbe interactions.
  • To enable real-time visualization of all infection stages and cellular responses to environmental changes.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a microfluidic device with traps to immobilize motile host cells and bacteria.
  • Utilizing long-term time-lapse microscopy to monitor interactions within the microfluidic traps.
  • Demonstration using the phagocytic amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum and the pathogen Mycobacterium marinum.

Main Results:

  • The microfluidic platform successfully immobilizes hundreds of individual motile cells, allowing for sustained imaging.
  • Direct visualization of host-pathogen interactions at all stages of infection at the single-cell level was achieved.
  • The platform allows for rapid medium changes to observe real-time cellular responses to stimuli like antibiotics.

Conclusions:

  • This microfluidic approach provides a novel method for studying host-pathogen dynamics, overcoming limitations of previous techniques.
  • The platform is adaptable for various host cells and microorganisms, offering broad applications in infectious disease research.
  • It facilitates new insights into host-pathogen interactions not observable with population-based assays.