Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Direct Drug Delivery to Kidney via the Renal Artery
Published on: April 17, 2021
SWL outcome in artificial hydronephrotic vs. non-hydronephrotic kidney for preschool children with high-density renal
Mostafa AbdelRazek1, Ahmed Hassan2, Mohammed S AbdelKader2
1Department of Urology, Qena University Hospital, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. mostafa_uro@yahoo.com.
Objective:
To assess the effect of artificial hydronephrosis on the result of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) in preschool children.
Materials And Methods:
A prospective randomized trial was performed between January 2013 and January 2017 with 300 pediatric patients, having kidney stones with a size of 1-2 cm and a density of 750-1100 HU. The patients were randomized into two groups: group A, in which a ureteric catheter was fixed and artificial hydronephrosis was performed by fluid irrigation prior to SWL, and group B which did not undergo hydronephrosis. SWL outcomes were compared between two groups.
Results:
In total, 153 cases were assigned to group A, and 147 cases were assigned to group B. Regarding demographic data, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. There were also no statistically significant differences in the number of shocks and energy power needed for each group. The results of SWL after the first session favored group A with a stone-free rate (SFR) of 90.8% vs. 75.5% for group B. The SFR after SWL was significantly in favor of group A (94.1%) vs. (86.4%) for group B.
Conclusion:
The use of an artificial hydronephrosis technique to make interface around the stone improves stone-free rate and decreases the need for retreatment after SWL.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Kidney Structure
Types of Building Stone
Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of magma or lava. An example is granite, known for its durability and resistance to weathering, making it ideal for parts of...
Quarrying of Stone
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the...
Stone Masonry
Predicting Reaction Outcomes
Outcomes of Glycolysis
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...

