Multiplex measurement of twelve tumor markers using a GMR multi-biomarker immunoassay biosensor

Tumor markers play an important role in the early diagnosis and therapeutic effect monitoring of tumors. Combined detection of multiple tumor markers is a realistic way of improving the sensitivity and specificity of cancer diagnosis. To achieve this, we studied and designed a giant magneto resistance (GMR) multi-biomarker immunoassay biosensor that can simultaneously detect twelve kinds of tumor markers by integrating a GMR sensor chip, a microfluidic device, a magnetic nano-beads label, and a double antibody sandwich immunoassay method. As a proof of concept, the proposed immunosensor was utilized to detect 12 tumor markers (AFP, CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, SCC, PG I, PG II, CA19-9, total PSA, free PSA, free-β-hCG, Tg) and to screen patients with lung cancer, liver cancer, digestive tract cancer, prostatic cancer, etc. The immunosensor showed excellent sensitivity, accuracy, precision and stability. Designed as a POCT device, the immunosensor also allows for portability, able to perform rapid detection wherever necessary. As a multi-analyte assay, it provides significant advantages over single-analyte tests in terms of cost per test, labor and convenience. The system's ability to simultaneously measure the concentration of multiple markers in serum samples with excellent sensitivity and accuracy allows the immunosensor to be used for early tumor diagnosis.