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The CKD plasma lipidome varies with disease severity and outcome

Flore Duranton1, Jonas Laget2, Nathalie Gayrard1

  • 1RD-Néphrologie, Montpellier, France; BC2M, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Journal of Clinical Lipidology
|September 5, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Lipid levels, including lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), are reduced in hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lower LPC levels are linked to a higher risk of adverse outcomes in CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nephrology
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with significant alterations in lipid metabolism.
  • Understanding these metabolic changes is crucial for managing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify lipid species in plasma from CKD and hemodialysis (HD) patients.
  • To investigate the association between lipid profiles, CKD severity, and patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma samples from 77 CKD patients (stages 2-HD) were analyzed for phosphatidylcholines (PCs), lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), sphingomyelins (SMs), and fatty acids.
  • Lipid levels were measured using mass spectrometry and gas chromatography.
  • Statistical analyses included Kruskal Wallis tests and Cox regressions.

Main Results:

  • HD patients showed decreased plasma levels of PCs, LPCs, and SMs compared to non-dialyzed CKD patients.
  • Thirty-four lipids were less abundant in HD patients; elaidic acid levels were increased.
  • Higher total LPCs and specific LPCs (LPC 18:2, LPC 20:3) correlated with a better patient outcome.

Conclusions:

  • Hemodialysis patients exhibit reduced plasma lipid concentrations, particularly LPCs.
  • Decreased LPC levels are associated with an increased risk of adverse events in CKD.
  • Observed lipid alterations may indicate underlying metabolic dysfunctions in CKD and HD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Fatty acidLipidomicsLysophospholipidPhospholipidRenal diseaseSphingomyelin

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