Omics-Mediated Treatment for Advanced Prostate Cancer: Moving Towards Precision Oncology.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Genomics
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Prostate cancer (PCa) affects 1.5 million globally, with projections doubling by 2040.
• 10-20% of patients develop metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), facing poor survival (24 months median OS).
• Existing treatments show limited efficacy in advanced stages, highlighting unmet clinical needs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements (last 5 years) in omics-guided therapies for advanced prostate cancer.
• To explore how omics data, particularly DNA damage response (DDR) gene alterations, guide treatment decisions.
• To consolidate research on omics' role in predicting treatment response, patient stratification, and drug development.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature search of research and clinical trial reports.
• Focus on studies integrating omics data (genomics, circulating tumor DNA) with therapeutic strategies.
• Analysis of omics applications in predicting response, clinical trial stratification, and drug repurposing.

Main Results:

• Genomic profiling, especially DDR gene alterations, effectively guides therapy in advanced prostate cancer.
• Omics data are crucial for predicting response to approved agents and stratifying patients for clinical trials.
• Omics platforms facilitate drug repurposing and development for mCRPC.

Conclusions:

• Omics-guided therapies represent a significant advancement in treating advanced prostate cancer.
• Integrating omics data offers personalized treatment strategies and improved outcomes for mCRPC patients.
• This review serves as a resource for omics-driven therapeutic development in prostate cancer.