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Tri-dimensional model for ventilation tube permeability.

Omer J Ungar1,2, Solomon Dadia3,4, Oron Yahav5,4

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizman Street, 6423906, Tel Aviv, Israel. ungaromer@gmail.com.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|September 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ventilation tubes (VT) in the tympanic membrane can allow fluids to enter the middle ear (ME). A 3D model showed soapy water penetrates easily, but dexamethasone requires significant volume, questioning VT reliability for drug delivery.

Keywords:
OtorrheaThree-D printingVentilation-tubes

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Ventilation tubes (VT) in the tympanic membrane create a pathway between the external auditory canal (EAC) and the middle ear (ME).
  • This pathway poses risks of contamination and potential for drug delivery.
  • Understanding fluid penetration through VTs is crucial for managing middle ear health and therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the permeability of various ventilation tubes (VTs) to different fluids using a 3D-printed model.
  • To evaluate the risk of contaminated material penetration into the middle ear (ME).
  • To investigate the potential of VTs as a passive drug delivery route.

Main Methods:

  • A 3D-printed model of the external auditory canal (EAC) and middle ear (ME) was created from CT scans.
  • Five different types of VTs were tested for fluid penetration.
  • Minimal pressure required for fluid penetration and the volume of various liquids (including ear drops) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Water penetrated standard 1.14 mm VTs with 2 ml volume and narrower tubes with 2.5 ml.
  • Soapy water showed the highest penetration across all VTs, requiring 1-2 ml.
  • Dexamethasone required 2.5 ml to penetrate standard VTs but did not pass through narrower tubes.

Conclusions:

  • The study utilized a 3D-printed model to simulate fluid dynamics through ventilation tubes (VTs).
  • Significant volumes of fluids, including water and dexamethasone, are needed to penetrate VTs, questioning their efficacy for passive drug delivery.
  • Soapy water demonstrated the highest penetrance, highlighting the risk of contamination through VTs.