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Effect of Paclitaxel-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on MDA-MB Type Cell Lines: Apoptosis and Cytotoxicity Studies
Venugopal Vijayan1, Krishnan Shalini1, V Yugesvaran1
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Asian Institute of Medical Science and Technology (AIMST) University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia.
Background:
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer is an aggressive type of breast cancer, which is not treatable by chemotherapy drugs, due to the lack of Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) expression and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) on the cell surface.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of paclitaxel loaded PLGA nanoparticle (PTX-NPs) on the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of the different MDA-MB type of cell lines.
Method:
PTX-NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and characterized earlier. The cytotoxicity of PTX-NPs was evaluated by MTT and LDH assay, later apoptosis was calculated by flow cytometry analysis.
Results:
The prepared NP size of 317.5 nm and zetapontial of -12.7 mV showed drug release of 89.1 % at 48 h. MDA-MB-231 type cell showed significant cytotoxicity by MTT method of 47.4 ± 1.2 % at 24 h, 34.6 ± 0.8 % at 48 h and 23.5 ± 0.5 % at 72 h and LDH method of 35.9 ± 1.5 % at 24 h, 25.4 ± 0.6 % at 48 h and 19.8 ± 2.2 % at 72 h with apoptosis of 47.3 ± 0.4 %.
Conclusion:
We have found that PTX-NPs showed the cytotoxic effect on all the MDA-MB cancer cell lines and showed potent anticancer activities against MDA-MB-231 cell line via induction of apoptosis.
Insights
Paclitaxel loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PTX-NPs) demonstrate significant effectiveness against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer cell lines. These nanoparticles induce potent anticancer activity and apoptosis, particularly in the MDA-MB-231 cell line.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Oncology
Background:
- Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer lacking Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and HER2 expression.
- TNBC is challenging to treat with conventional chemotherapy due to the absence of these common therapeutic targets.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of paclitaxel loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PTX-NPs) in treating different MDA-MB cell lines.
- To compare the cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects of PTX-NPs on various MDA-MB cancer cell lines.
Main Methods:
- Paclitaxel loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PTX-NPs) were synthesized using the nanoprecipitation method.
- Cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT and LDH assays, while apoptosis was quantified via flow cytometry.
Main Results:
- The prepared nanoparticles exhibited a size of 317.5 nm and a zeta potential of -12.7 mV, with 89.1% drug release at 48 hours.
- PTX-NPs demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells, with notable effects observed at 24, 48, and 72 hours.
- Flow cytometry analysis revealed that PTX-NPs induced apoptosis in 47.3 ± 0.4% of MDA-MB-231 cells.
Conclusions:
- PTX-NPs exhibit a cytotoxic effect across all tested MDA-MB cancer cell lines.
- The study highlights the potent anticancer activity of PTX-NPs against the MDA-MB-231 cell line, primarily through the induction of apoptosis.
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