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Experimental Limits of Ghost Diffraction: Popper's Thought Experiment.

Paul-Antoine Moreau1, Peter A Morris2, Ermes Toninelli2

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK. paul-antoine.moreau@glasgow.ac.uk.

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Quantum ghost diffraction uses quantum correlations to capture diffraction patterns with undetected photons. Unlike conventional diffraction, ghost diffraction

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Diffraction physics

Background:

  • Quantum ghost diffraction leverages quantum correlations, enabling diffraction pattern recording by photons that bypass the diffractive element.
  • Understanding the transition between conventional and ghost diffraction is crucial for exploring quantum phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the behavior of quantum ghost diffraction compared to conventional diffraction using double slits of variable width.
  • To explore the transition point where ghost diffraction deviates from conventional diffraction principles.
  • To experimentally realize and discuss Popper's thought experiment on the Copenhagen interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Designed an optical system capable of producing diffraction patterns via both conventional and ghost diffraction schemes.
  • Utilized double slits with variable widths to compare diffraction behaviors.
  • Analyzed the angular extent of diffraction patterns in both conventional and ghost diffraction scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that conventional diffraction's angular extent inversely scales with the object's size.
  • Showcased that ghost diffraction's angular extent remains limited by spatial correlations, irrespective of the object's scale.
  • Observed a distinct difference in angular extent scaling between conventional and ghost diffraction.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum ghost diffraction exhibits unique angular extent limitations, differing from conventional diffraction.
  • The experimental results are compatible with the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, serving as a realization of Popper's thought experiment.
  • While consistent with the Copenhagen interpretation, the findings do not constitute definitive proof.