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Related Concept Videos

Harmonic Mean01:09

Harmonic Mean

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The arithmetic mean is usually skewed towards the larger values in the data set. Therefore, to avoid this inherent bias towards smaller values, the harmonic mean is used.
Take the example of the speed of a car, which is the measure of the rate of distance traveled. If the vehicle traverses the same distance back-and-forth, its average speed equals the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken. However, if the car moves with varying speeds, then the arithmetic mean is more skewed...
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Simple Harmonic Motion01:21

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Simple harmonic motion is the name given to oscillatory motion for a system where the net force can be described by Hooke's law. If the net force can be described by Hooke's law and there is no damping (by friction or other non-conservative forces), then a simple harmonic oscillator will oscillate with equal displacement on either side of the equilibrium position. To derive an equation for period and frequency, the equation of motion is used. The period of a simple harmonic oscillator is given...
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Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion01:23

Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

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To determine the energy of a simple harmonic oscillator, consider all the forms of energy it can have during its simple harmonic motion. According to Hooke's Law, the energy stored during the compression/stretching of a string in a simple harmonic oscillator is potential energy. As the simple harmonic oscillator has no dissipative forces, it also possesses kinetic energy. In the presence of conservative forces, both energies can interconvert during oscillation, but the total energy remains...
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Characteristics of Simple Harmonic Motion01:17

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The key characteristic of the simple harmonic motion is that the acceleration of the system and, therefore, the net force are proportional to the displacement and act in the opposite direction to the displacement. Additionally, the period and frequency of a simple harmonic oscillator are independent of its amplitude. For example, diving boards move faster or slower based on their thickness. A stiff, thick diving board has a large force constant, which causes it to have a smaller period, while a...
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Problem Solving: Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion01:17

Problem Solving: Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

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Simple harmonic motion (SHM) is a type of periodic motion in time and position, in which an object oscillates back and forth around an equilibrium position with a constant amplitude and frequency. In SHM, there is a continuous exchange between the potential and kinetic energy, which results in the oscillation of the object.
Consider the spring in a shock absorber of a car. The spring attached to the wheel executes simple harmonic motion while the car is moving on a bumpy road. The force on the...
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Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion01:42

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While simple harmonic motion and uniform circular motion may be two separate concepts, they correlate and interlink with each other. Simple harmonic motion is an oscillatory motion in a system where the net force can be described by Hooke's law, while uniform circular motion is the motion of an object in a circular path at constant speed.
There is an easy way to produce simple harmonic motion by using uniform circular motion. For instance, consider a ball attached to a uniformly rotating...
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TDLAS-WMS second harmonic detection based on spectral analysis.

Chunlei Jiang1, Yunfei Liu1, Bo Yu2

  • 1College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|September 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new spectral analysis method detects the second-harmonic component in wavelength-modulated absorption spectroscopy. This technique offers high accuracy (<3% error) and simpler data processing without reference signals.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Laser Technology
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Wavelength-modulated absorption spectroscopy (WMS) is a sensitive technique for gas detection.
  • Traditional WMS often relies on lock-in amplification, which requires reference signals and complex filtering.
  • A need exists for simplified and robust detection methods in WMS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel spectral analysis method for detecting the second-harmonic component in WMS.
  • To verify the method's validity, correctness, and noise immunity.
  • To demonstrate a simplified data processing approach compared to existing techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing spectral analysis in the frequency domain.
  • Applying a rectangular window for isolating the second-harmonic component.
  • Validating the method through simulations and experimental measurements.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method successfully detects the second-harmonic component.
  • Experimental results show a relative detection error of less than 3%.
  • The technique eliminates the need for reference signals and low-pass filtering.

Conclusions:

  • The novel spectral analysis method provides an accurate and simplified approach for WMS.
  • This method enhances noise immunity and streamlines data processing.
  • It offers a viable alternative to traditional lock-in amplification techniques in WMS.