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Cognitive Function 3 and 12 Months After ICU Discharge-A Prospective Cohort Study
Stine Estrup1, Cilia K W Kjer1, Frederik Vilhelmsen1
1Department of Anesthesiology, Centre of Anaesthesiological Research, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.
Critical Care Medicine
|September 7, 2018
Summary
Intensive care unit (ICU) survivors experience significant long-term cognitive impairment, with scores reduced at 3 and 12 months post-discharge. Employment before admission and surgical ward admission were associated with better cognitive outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Critical Care Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Cognitive impairment is a recognized complication following intensive care unit (ICU) discharge.
- Long-term cognitive sequelae can significantly impact patient recovery and quality of life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and describe the long-term cognitive function of adult patients discharged from an ICU in Denmark.
- To identify potential protective and risk factors associated with cognitive outcomes after ICU admission.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study was conducted at a single-center ICU.
- 161 adult patients admitted for over 24 hours were assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) at 3 and 12 months post-discharge.
- Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine influencing factors.
Main Results:
- At 3 months, the mean RBANS score was 67 (SD, 21), significantly lower than the normal value of 100 (15).
- Cognitive deficits were prevalent, with scores indicative of moderate traumatic brain injury (57%), mild Alzheimer's disease (46%), and mild cognitive impairment (73%).
- Cognitive function remained reduced at 12 months (mean RBANS score 71 [25]). Being employed prior to admission and admission from a surgical ward were associated with better outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Danish ICU patients exhibit significantly impaired cognitive function at both 3 and 12 months after discharge.
- Cognitive deficits observed are comparable to those seen in moderate traumatic brain injury and mild Alzheimer's disease.
- Employment status and surgical ward admission may serve as protective factors against long-term cognitive decline post-ICU.
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