[THE ROLE OF AlphA1-ADRENORECEPRORS FOR ACTIVITY OF THE HEART IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS. PART 2]

The second part of the review analyzes literature data that proves the importance of the role of alpha1-adrenergic receptor (AR) in the implementation of the trophic effects on the myocardium by the sympathetic nervous system and adrenaline as adrenal hormones. This function is described as follows: the activation of alpha1-AR induces a physiological cardiac hypertrophy and causes cardioprotective effect which is manifested in inhibition of cardiomyocyte death caused by various kinds of stress. The review gives information on the mechanisms which form the basis of hypertrophy and cardioprotective effect, as well as the role of alpha1-AR in maintaining the heart pump function in heart failure and cardiac adaptation to ischemia. In particular, it reports on the involvement of phospholipase C, protein kinase C, protein kinase D, histone deacetylase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), PI3-K-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase B (Akt), MAP-kinases and several transcription factors. The details of the application prospects of alpha1-AR agonists in the treatment of heart failure are discussed.