Predicting Genotype and Survival in Glioma Using Standard Clinical MR Imaging Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Images:...

Area of Science:

• Radiology and Oncology
• Neuro-oncology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Glioma molecular subtyping is crucial for prognosis.
• MR imaging features and ADC values are potential biomarkers.
• Limited studies correlate imaging with molecular markers and survival.

Purpose of the Study:

• To correlate MR imaging features and ADC values with molecular subtypes and survival in adult diffuse gliomas.
• To evaluate the predictive value of imaging biomarkers for IDH mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, and MGMT methylation.
• To assess the relationship between imaging features, molecular markers, and overall survival.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of presurgical MRIs and ADC maps from 131 diffuse glioma patients.
• Analysis of molecular and survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas.
• Evaluation of MR imaging features and ADC values (ROI-based and mean relative ADC) for predictive correlations.

Main Results:

• IDH wild-type gliomas showed enhancement, necrosis, edema, and lower mean relative ADC compared to IDH-mutant gliomas.
• Lower mean relative ADC (<1.08) predicted poorer survival in both IDH-mutant and IDH wild-type gliomas, irrespective of grade.
• IDH-mutant gliomas with low mean relative ADC exhibited survival rates similar to IDH wild-type gliomas.

Conclusions:

• Lower ADC values are associated with IDH wild-type gliomas and predict poor survival.
• ADC values serve as a significant prognostic indicator for diffuse gliomas.
• A subgroup of IDH-mutant gliomas with low ADC demonstrates dismal survival comparable to IDH wild-type gliomas.