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His-bundle pacing as a standard approach in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and bradycardia
Marek Jastrzębski1, Paweł Moskal1, Agnieszka Bednarek1
1First Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Hypertension, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Insights
His-bundle (HB) pacing offers physiological ventricular pacing but has challenges. Despite initial lower success rates, HB pacing is a viable alternative for patients with atrial fibrillation and symptomatic bradycardia.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Electrophysiology
- Medical Devices
Background:
- His-bundle (HB) pacing is the most physiological ventricular pacing method.
- It is associated with procedural challenges and suboptimal parameters.
- Limited data exists on HB pacing as a standard approach for symptomatic bradycardia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare acute and chronic outcomes of HB pacing versus right ventricular (RV) myocardial pacing.
- To evaluate pacing parameters, procedure characteristics, and success rates in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation, narrow QRS, and symptomatic bradycardia.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective comparison of 125 patients (65 with HB pacing) against historical controls (VVI pacing).
- Analysis included acute and long-term capture threshold, sensing, battery drain, procedure/fluoroscopy times, complications, and success rates.
Main Results:
- HB pacing showed higher thresholds, lower sensing, increased current drain, and lower success rates compared to RV pacing.
- Despite this, long-term HB pacing success was 87.9% with acceptable chronic parameters.
- HB pacing procedure and fluoroscopy times were longer.
Conclusions:
- His-bundle pacing can be considered an alternative standard pacing method.
- It is a viable option for patients with atrial fibrillation and symptomatic bradycardia.
Background:
His-bundle (HB) pacing is the most physiological method of ventricular pacing. However, it is also considered a demanding procedure with a low success rate and has suboptimal pacing parameters. There is a scarcity of data concerning HB pacing as a standard approach in patients with symptomatic bradycardia. Our goal was to compare acute and chronic results of two approaches to pacing in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation, narrow QRS complexes, and symptomatic bradycardia: right ventricular myocardial pacing versus HB pacing.
Methods:
Consecutive patients who received HB pacemakers were compared with historical controls-i.e., consecutive patients with classic VVI pacemaker implantations, performed by the same operator before 2014 (commencement of routine HB implantations). Acute and long-term capture threshold, sensing, battery current drain, as well as procedure and fluoroscopy duration, complications, and success rate were compared.
Results:
One hundred and twenty-five patients were analyzed (including 65 patients with HB pacing): age 73.0 ± 10.5 years, left ventricular ejection fraction of 48.2 ± 13.5%. HB pacing was inferior to right ventricular myocardial pacing in terms of higher threshold, lower sensing amplitude, higher current drain, lower success rate, longer procedure, and fluoroscopy times. However, despite this, HB procedure and fluoroscopy times of 64.4 ± 30.0 and 11.0 ± 10.7 minutes, respectively, long-term successful HB pacing in 87.9% of patients, a chronic threshold of 1.5 ± 1.1 V, chronic sensing of 3.6 ± 2.5 mV, and chronic current drain per pulse of 3.4 ± 4.4 μAh seem acceptable.
Conclusions:
HB pacing can be used as an alternative standard method of pacing in atrial fibrillation patients.
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