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Distributed cognition in aviation operations: a gate-to-gate study with implications for distributed crewing.

Neville A Stanton1, Katherine L Plant1, Kirsten M A Revell1

  • 1a Human Factors Engineering, Transportation Research Group, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, Civil, Maritime and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences , University of Southampton , Burgess Road, Southampton, UK.

Ergonomics
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Summary

Network analysis of aviation operations reveals social, information, and task interactions in cargo handling. This work audit provides insights for future distributed crewing models in the aviation industry.

Keywords:
EAST methodSystem of systemsaviationdistributed cognitionnetworks

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Area of Science:

  • Aviation Operations Research
  • Human Factors in Aviation
  • Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Routine aviation operations involve complex interactions across multiple key areas.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for optimizing system efficiency and safety.
  • Previous analyses have not fully captured the dynamic interplay of social, information, and task networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze routine aviation operations using the Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork (EAST) method.
  • To map social, information, and task networks within key aviation operational areas.
  • To inform the development of future distributed crewing concepts.

Main Methods:

  • Employed the Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork (EAST) network analysis method.
  • Conducted a five-day observational field trial at an international air cargo operator.
  • Collected data across six key areas (Dispatch, ATC, ATM, Maintenance, Loading, Cockpit) over five flights.
  • Developed social, information, and task networks for four distinct flight phases.

Main Results:

  • Detailed 'work audit' of short-haul cargo operations was created.
  • Identified specific interactions and connections within the current aviation system.
  • Visualized the flow of social, information, and task exchanges during flight operations.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a comprehensive understanding of systemic teamwork in aviation cargo operations.
  • Findings highlight the intricate relationships influencing operational efficiency.
  • The network analysis serves as a foundation for specifying requirements for future distributed crewing options.