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Activating Molecules, Ions, and Solid Particles with Acoustic Cavitation
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Modelling cavitation during drop impact on solid surfaces.

Nikolaos Kyriazis1, Phoevos Koukouvinis1, Manolis Gavaises1

  • 1School of Mathematics, Computer Science & Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering & Aeronautics, City University London, Northampton Square EC1V 0HB, United Kingdom.

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science
|September 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new numerical model for simulating droplet impact with internal cavitation. The model accurately predicts cavitation formation and impact pressures, offering insights into erosion.

Keywords:
Approximate Riemann solversCavitationDrop impactOpenFOAM

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Computational Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Droplet impact on solid surfaces can induce internal cavitation, a phenomenon rarely studied.
  • Existing literature lacks detailed understanding and numerical models for cavitating droplet impacts.
  • Cavitation can significantly influence impact dynamics and surface erosion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight differences between cavitating and non-cavitating droplet impacts.
  • To develop and validate a numerical model for simulating droplet impact with cavitation.
  • To investigate the influence of impact conditions on cavitation formation and surface pressure.

Main Methods:

  • A compressible two-phase flow solver with a phase-change model was developed.
  • A barotropic Equation of State (EoS) was used for thermodynamic closure.
  • A novel hybrid numerical flux discretization scheme based on approximate Riemann solvers ensured stability.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately simulates cavitation formation and collapse during droplet impact.
  • Numerical results show good agreement with available experimental data for shock and rarefaction waves.
  • Simulations reveal that the absence of air can lead to cavitation closer to the surface, increasing impact pressures.

Conclusions:

  • The developed numerical model is validated for simulating cavitating droplet impacts.
  • Cavitation significantly alters impact dynamics and can increase surface erosion potential.
  • Further research is needed to address remaining open questions in this field.