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Related Concept Videos

Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Large-Scale, Automated Production of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Spheroids for 3D Bioprinting
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3D Bioprinting and Stem Cells.

Caitlyn A Moore1, Niloy N Shah2, Caroline P Smith1

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three-dimensional bioprinting creates a more accurate model of the bone marrow microenvironment. This advanced in vitro system allows researchers to study interactions between mesenchymal stem cells and breast cancer stem cells.

Keywords:
3D bioprintingAlginateBone marrowBreast cancerDormancyExtracellular matrixStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures have limitations in mimicking complex in vivo conditions.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models offer a more accurate representation of endogenous environments.
  • Bioprinting technology enables precise deposition of cells within 3D biomaterial scaffolds, acting as extracellular matrix (ECM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a 3D bioprinted model of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment.
  • To investigate the interactions between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and breast cancer cells (BCCs) within this 3D system.
  • To create a biomimetic model for studying dormant and persistent BCCs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing bioprinting, an additive manufacturing technique, to create 3D scaffolds.
  • Embedding primary BM MSCs and BC stem cells within a CELLINK Bioink scaffold.
  • Establishing a co-culture system to mimic the MSC-BCC interaction in a 3D BM microenvironment.

Main Results:

  • The bioprinted 3D system successfully recapitulates key aspects of the BM microenvironment.
  • The model allows for the study of intercellular communication between MSCs and BCCs.
  • Demonstrated reliable seeding of primary BM MSCs and BC stem cells within the bioprinted scaffold.

Conclusions:

  • 3D bioprinting provides a powerful and customizable platform for creating advanced in vitro models.
  • This MSC-BCC co-culture system offers a more representative model of the 3D microenvironment than 2D cultures.
  • The bioprinting method can be adapted for various applications, including hematopoietic regulation studies.