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Related Concept Videos

Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

842
Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
842
Bending01:10

Bending

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Pure bending is a fundamental concept in structural mechanics, essential for understanding how materials deform under symmetrical loads without direct forces. Pure bending occurs when prismatic members, such as beams, are subjected to equal and opposite moments that induce bending. The phenomenon is crucial as it allows for predicting stress distributions without the influence of axial or shear forces.
In pure bending, the bending stress in a beam is calculated based on the bending moment and...
913
Symmetric Member in Bending01:07

Symmetric Member in Bending

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In the study of the mechanics of materials, analyzing the behavior of prismatic members under opposing couples is crucial for understanding internal stress distributions, which are essential for structural design. When subjected to couples, a prismatic member experiences internal forces that maintain equilibrium. A couple, characterized by two equal and opposite forces, creates a moment but no resultant force. The internal forces at any section cut of the member must balance these external...
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Unsymmetric Bending01:18

Unsymmetric Bending

835
Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from those in symmetrical bending, and are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions. In unsymmetrical bending, the neutral axis—where stress is zero—does not necessarily align with the geometric axes of the cross-section. The...
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Bending of Members Made of Several Materials01:11

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

615
In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...
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Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

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Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective...
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A Rat Model of Central Fatigue Using a Modified Multiple Platform Method
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Comparing Rotary Bend Wire Fatigue Test Methods at Different Test Speeds.

Jason D Weaver1, Erick J Gutierrez2

  • 1Division of Applied Mechanics, Center for Devices and Radiological Health - Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, United States Food & Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD.

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance
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PubMed
Summary

Rotary bend fatigue testing is common in medical devices. Higher test speeds, not test setups, significantly increased fatigue life for nitinol, stainless steel, and cobalt chromium alloys.

Keywords:
biomaterialtest speedwire fatigue

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Rotary bend fatigue testing is increasingly used in the medical device industry.
  • ASTM E2948-14 is a new standard test method for this technique.
  • Previous research has not extensively studied the combined effects of test setups and speeds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of rotary bend fatigue test setups and speeds on the fatigue life of medical device alloys.
  • To compare the fatigue performance of ASTM F2063 nitinol, ASTM F138 stainless steel, and ASTM F1058 cobalt chromium.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated fatigue life using three different rotary bend fatigue test setups.
  • Tested alloys at varying speeds, from 100 to 35,000 RPM.
  • Conducted supplemental uniaxial tension tests at different strain rates on stainless steel.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in fatigue life was observed across the three tested rotary bend fatigue setups.
  • Increasing test speed from 100 to 35,000 RPM increased fatigue life for all three alloys (2.0 to 5.1 times).
  • Uniaxial tension tests indicated strain rate dependence in stainless steel's mechanical response.

Conclusions:

  • Test setup does not significantly influence fatigue life, but test speed does.
  • Increased test speed enhances fatigue life in medical device alloys, potentially due to strain rate dependence.
  • Strain rate effects should be considered in medical device durability testing and in vivo performance extrapolation.