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Ocular Surface Disease and Glaucoma Medications: A Clinical Approach
Xuemin Zhang1, Saujanya Vadoothker, Wuqaas M Munir
1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Eye & Contact Lens
|September 11, 2018
Summary
Topical glaucoma medications can cause ocular surface disease. Preservative-free options, reduced usage, or dry eye treatment can mitigate this. Alternative glaucoma treatments may also reduce reliance on eye drops.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Ocular Surface Disease
- Glaucoma Management
Background:
- Ocular surface disease (OSD) frequently coexists with glaucoma.
- Topical glaucoma medications can initiate or exacerbate OSD.
- Understanding this relationship is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the prevalence, causes, and treatment of OSD in glaucoma patients on topical therapy.
- To synthesize current literature on OSD and glaucoma medication interactions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of the Pubmed database (1972-2018).
- Inclusion of 102 relevant primary and empirical studies.
- Exclusion of case reports, non-English studies, and unrelated articles.
Main Results:
- Glaucoma medications, particularly preservatives, can cause ocular surface toxicity.
- Preservative-free medications, reduced usage, or dry eye treatment can mitigate OSD.
- Alternative glaucoma treatments (laser, minimally invasive surgery) may reduce reliance on topical therapy and prevent OSD.
Conclusions:
- Recognizing and treating OSD in glaucoma patients improves quality of life and medication adherence.
- Effective OSD management can lead to better glaucoma treatment outcomes.
- Minimizing topical medication use is key to preventing OSD progression.
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