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Shoulder Instability in the Overhead Athlete.

Steven F DeFroda1, Dhruv Goyal2, Nimit Patel2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI.

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|September 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shoulder instability in overhead athletes can result from repetitive microtrauma, often presenting subtly. Diagnosis and tailored rehabilitation are crucial for managing this condition and enabling a safe return to sport.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Shoulder instability ranges from subluxation to dislocation.
  • Collision athletes are typically affected, but repetitive microtrauma impacts overhead athletes (baseball, tennis, volleyball, swimming).
  • Subtle presentations without acute trauma can complicate diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the specific physiology, diagnosis, and treatment of shoulder instability in overhead athletes.
  • To highlight the unique challenges posed by glenohumeral joint demands in this population.
  • To emphasize the importance of rehabilitation for athletes with shoulder instability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on shoulder instability in overhead athletes.
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges and evaluation methods.
  • Outline of treatment and rehabilitation strategies, including periscapular strengthening and return-to-play protocols.

Main Results:

  • Overhead athletes place unique physiological demands on the glenohumeral joint, increasing susceptibility to instability.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis requires high suspicion, thorough physical examination, and appropriate diagnostic evaluation.
  • Rehabilitation is essential, focusing on periscapular strengthening, coordinated throwing programs, and sport-specific return-to-play protocols.

Conclusions:

  • Shoulder instability in overhead athletes requires a comprehensive approach encompassing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.
  • Tailored rehabilitation programs are vital for maximizing muscular strength and facilitating a safe return to competition.
  • Understanding the specific demands of overhead sports is key to managing and preventing shoulder instability injuries.