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Published on: May 5, 2023
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Transgenerational transmission of small-for-gestational age
Á Sepúlveda-Martínez1,2, M Rodríguez-López1,3, F Paz Y Miño1
1Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia Obstetricia i Neonatologia, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBER-ER, Barcelona, Spain.
Summary
Children born to mothers or fathers who were small-for-gestational age (SGA) have an increased risk of developing SGA or placenta-mediated diseases themselves. This suggests a transgenerational transmission of intrauterine growth impairment, necessitating public health interventions.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Perinatology
- Public Health
Background:
- Small-for-gestational age (SGA) is a significant concern in perinatal health.
- Understanding the long-term and intergenerational impacts of SGA is crucial for effective public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential transgenerational transmission of small-for-gestational age (SGA).
- To determine if parental SGA status influences the risk of SGA or placenta-mediated diseases in offspring.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study involving 2043 offspring born between 1975-1993 was conducted.
- Participants with at least one child were classified based on their own birth weight percentile (SGA < 10th percentile).
- Multiple regression analysis assessed the risk of SGA or placenta-mediated disease in the next generation.
Main Results:
- Descendants of SGA individuals had significantly lower birth weight percentiles and higher prevalence of SGA compared to offspring of appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) parents.
- The prevalence of placenta-mediated diseases was also significantly higher in the offspring of SGA parents.
- Parental SGA background was associated with a nearly three-fold increased risk of subsequent SGA or placenta-mediated disease, with a stronger effect observed for SGA mothers.
Conclusions:
- The study provides evidence for the transgenerational transmission of SGA.
- These findings underscore the importance of addressing intrauterine growth impairment through public health initiatives.
- Early identification and intervention for SGA may have long-term benefits across generations.
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