Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Base Quantities and Derived Quantities01:14

Base Quantities and Derived Quantities

26.3K
In any system of units, the units for some physical quantities must be specified through a measurement process. These measurements are the base quantities of the system, and their units are the base units of the system. The algebraic combinations of the base values can then be used to express all other physical quantities. Each of these physical quantities is then referred to as a derived quantity, with each unit being referred to as a derived unit.
The International Organization for...
26.3K
Fruit Development, Structure, and Function01:58

Fruit Development, Structure, and Function

25.3K
Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.
25.3K
Estimation of the Physical Quantities01:05

Estimation of the Physical Quantities

7.8K
On many occasions, physicists, other scientists, and engineers need to make estimates of a particular quantity. These are sometimes referred to as guesstimates, order-of-magnitude approximations, back-of-the-envelope calculations, or Fermi calculations. The physicist Enrico Fermi was famous for his ability to estimate various kinds of data with surprising precision. Estimating does not mean guessing a number or a formula at random. Instead, estimation means using prior experience and sound...
7.8K
Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - I01:09

Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - I

8.5K
If the rotational definitions are compared with the definitions of linear kinematic variables from motion along a straight line and motion in two and three dimensions, we can observe a mapping of the linear variables to the rotational ones.
When comparing the linear and rotational variables individually, the linear variable of position has physical units of meters, whereas the angular position variable has dimensionless units of radians, as it is the ratio of two lengths. The linear velocity...
8.5K
Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - II01:05

Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - II

6.6K
In the case of circular motion, the linear tangential speed of a particle at a radius from the axis of rotation is related to the angular velocity by the relation:
6.6K
What is Natural Selection?01:32

What is Natural Selection?

129.5K
Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
129.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hidden architecture of resistance: The extracellular matrix in melanoma's immune landscape.

Seminars in cancer biology·2026
Same author

Pseudomyxoma peritonei and the microbiome: Emerging observations and unanswered questions.

Trends in cancer·2026
Same author

Beyond the bench: teaching grant writing in immunotherapy training.

Trends in immunology·2026
Same author

Highlights of 2025: advancements in natural killer cell biology.

Immunology and cell biology·2026
Same author

The GFI1-FOXO1 axis regulates NK cell maturation and function.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

CAR-NK cell-based therapies: translational and regulatory breakthroughs.

Immunology and cell biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Proliferation and Differentiation of Murine Myeloid Precursor 32D/G-CSF-R Cells
10:21

Proliferation and Differentiation of Murine Myeloid Precursor 32D/G-CSF-R Cells

Published on: February 21, 2018

10.5K

GM-CSF Quantity Has a Selective Effect on Granulocytic vs. Monocytic Myeloid Development and Function.

Li Sun1, Jai Rautela2,3, Rebecca B Delconte2,3

  • 1Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, School of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|September 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) dose dictates myeloid cell development. Low doses favor granulocytes, high doses favor monocytes, and moderate doses promote dendritic cells, impacting immune responses.

Keywords:
GM-CSFcytokinesdendritic cellsgranulocytesinflammation mediators

More Related Videos

Measuring Granulocyte and Monocyte Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst Activity in Human Blood
11:29

Measuring Granulocyte and Monocyte Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst Activity in Human Blood

Published on: September 12, 2016

14.6K
In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating Factor GM-CSF-producing T Helper THGM Cells
10:27

In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating Factor GM-CSF-producing T Helper THGM Cells

Published on: September 10, 2018

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Proliferation and Differentiation of Murine Myeloid Precursor 32D/G-CSF-R Cells
10:21

Proliferation and Differentiation of Murine Myeloid Precursor 32D/G-CSF-R Cells

Published on: February 21, 2018

10.5K
Measuring Granulocyte and Monocyte Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst Activity in Human Blood
11:29

Measuring Granulocyte and Monocyte Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst Activity in Human Blood

Published on: September 12, 2016

14.6K
In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating Factor GM-CSF-producing T Helper THGM Cells
10:27

In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating Factor GM-CSF-producing T Helper THGM Cells

Published on: September 10, 2018

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Hematopoiesis

Background:

  • Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is crucial for myeloid cell differentiation.
  • The precise mechanisms by which GM-CSF influences distinct myeloid lineages remain unclear.
  • Altered GM-CSF levels occur in various physiological and pathological conditions, affecting immune outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the dose of GM-CSF regulates the development of granulocytic, monocytic, and dendritic cell lineages.
  • To elucidate the cellular processes underlying dose-dependent myeloid differentiation.
  • To assess the functional consequences of GM-CSF dose on resulting monocytes/macrophages.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured bone marrow cells were treated with varying doses of GM-CSF.
  • Cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival were quantified.
  • Functional assays were performed on generated monocytes/macrophages.

Main Results:

  • GM-CSF acts as a molecular rheostat, with dose determining lineage preference.
  • Low GM-CSF doses primarily promote granulocytic lineage via enhanced survival.
  • High GM-CSF doses drive monocytic lineage expansion through proliferation.
  • Moderate GM-CSF concentrations favor monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDC) differentiation.
  • Monocytes/macrophages generated under different GM-CSF doses exhibit distinct functional capacities.

Conclusions:

  • GM-CSF dose is a critical determinant of myeloid cell fate and function.
  • Understanding dose-dependent effects is vital for managing conditions with altered GM-CSF levels.
  • Therapeutic strategies involving GM-CSF modulation require careful consideration of dosage for optimal immunological outcomes.