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The Association Between Cochlear and Retrocochlear Disorders with Tinnitus with Normal Hearing Thresholds
Emmy Pramesthi Dyah Soelistijani1, Nyilo Purnami1, M S Wiyadi1
1Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Jalan Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47, Surabaya, 60285 Indonesia.
Summary
Tinnitus patients with normal hearing thresholds may have cochlear abnormalities. Objective evaluations using otoacoustic emissions and brainstem evoked response audiometry can help locate these issues.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Otolaryngology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Tinnitus, the perception of sound without external stimulus, often presents with normal hearing thresholds, obscuring its causes.
- Objective audiological evaluations are crucial for identifying the location of abnormalities in tinnitus patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the association of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE), Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE), and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) in identifying cochlear and retrocochlear disorders in tinnitus patients with normal hearing thresholds.
Main Methods:
- The study included tinnitus patients aged 20-50 years with hearing thresholds ≤25 dB and type A tympanograms.
- Comparative analysis of TEOAE, DPOAE, and BERA results between tinnitus patients and a control group was performed using statistical tests (Mc Nemar, Kappa, likelihood ratio).
Main Results:
- Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) showed a significant difference between tinnitus patients and the control group (p=0.008).
- Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) did not show significant differences between the groups (p=0.006 for TEOAE-BERA).
Conclusions:
- The findings suggest that tinnitus patients with normal hearing thresholds may exhibit cochlear abnormalities.
- Otoacoustic emissions, particularly DPOAE, appear valuable in detecting subclinical cochlear dysfunction in tinnitus.
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