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Bladder Symptoms in Children With Functional Constipation: A Systematic Review.

Jojanneke J G T van Summeren1, Gea A Holtman, Sonja C van Ommeren

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Bladder symptoms are common in children with functional constipation (FC), affecting up to 47%. Children with FC are significantly more likely to experience these symptoms, highlighting the need for clinical awareness.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Urology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Functional constipation (FC) is a common pediatric condition.
  • Bladder symptoms frequently coexist with FC, impacting children's quality of life.
  • Understanding the prevalence of bladder symptoms in FC is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on the prevalence of bladder symptoms in children with FC.
  • To compare the prevalence of bladder symptoms in children with FC versus those without FC.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of four databases was conducted up to July 2018.
  • Studies included children aged 4-17 years with FC; data on bladder symptoms and urinary tract infections (UTIs) were extracted.
  • Prevalence rates and relative risks were calculated; study quality and heterogeneity were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-two of 23 studies reported bladder symptoms in 12,281 children with FC.
  • Prevalence rates for bladder symptoms ranged from 2% to 47%, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) from 37% to 64%, and UTIs from 6% to 53%.
  • Children with FC showed significantly higher risks for bladder symptoms (RR 1.24-6.73) and UTIs (RR 2.18-6.55).

Conclusions:

  • Bladder symptoms are prevalent in children with functional constipation, though reported rates vary widely.
  • Children experiencing FC are at a higher risk of developing bladder symptoms.
  • Clinicians should consider and assess for co-occurring bladder symptoms in pediatric patients with FC.