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Related Concept Videos

Review and Preview01:10

Review and Preview

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In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
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Review and Preview01:13

Review and Preview

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Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
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Introduction to z Scores01:06

Introduction to z Scores

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A z score (or standardized value) is measured in units of the standard deviation. It tells you how many standard deviations the value x is above (to the right of) or below (to the left of) the mean, μ. Values of x that are larger than the mean have positive z scores, and values of x that are smaller than the mean have negative z scores. If x equals the mean, then x has a zero z score. It is important to note that the mean of the z scores is zero, and the standard deviation is one.
z scores...
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Introduction to z Scores01:05

Introduction to z Scores

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A z score (or standardized value) is measured in units of the standard deviation. It indicates how many standard deviations the value x is above (to the right of) or below (to the left of) the mean, μ. Values of x that are larger than the mean have positive z scores, and values of x that are smaller than the mean have negative z scores. If x equals the mean, then x has a zero z score. It is important to note that the mean of the z scores is zero, and the standard deviation is one.
z scores...
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z Scores and Area Under the Curve01:17

z Scores and Area Under the Curve

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z scores are the standardized values obtained after converting a normal distribution into a standard normal distribution. A z score is measured in units of the standard deviation. The z score tells you how many standard deviations the value x is above (to the right of) or below (to the left of) the mean, μ. Values of x that are larger than the mean have positive z scores, and values of x that are smaller than the mean have negative z scores. If x equals the mean, then x has a z score of...
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z Scores and Unusual Values01:07

z Scores and Unusual Values

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The z score is one of the three measures of relative standing. It describes the location of a value in a dataset relative to the mean. z scores are obtained after the standardization of the values in a dataset. The z score for the mean is 0.
 This score indicates how far a value is from the mean in terms of standard deviation. For example, if a data value has a z score of +1, the researcher can infer that the particular data value is one standard deviation above the mean. If another data...
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EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
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Visual EEG reviewing times with SCORE EEG.

Jan Brogger1, Tom Eichele1,2, Eivind Aanestad1

  • 1Section for Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.

Clinical Neurophysiology Practice
|September 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

EEG reporting times are reasonable, with standard EEGs taking a median of 12.5 minutes and sleep-deprived EEGs taking 20.9 minutes. Review times decreased with experience and complexity, with most reports issued within 24 hours.

Keywords:
EEG reportingEEG reviewEEG review timeEEG workloadSCORE EEG

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical neurophysiology
  • Medical informatics

Background:

  • Visual electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis is the standard for clinical interpretation.
  • Data on EEG reporting times in routine clinical practice are lacking.
  • Standardized reporting (e.g., SCORE standard) aims to improve consistency but raises concerns about time efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the time required for clinical EEG review and reporting.
  • To inform workforce planning and automation strategies for EEG analysis.
  • To assess the impact of EEG complexity and experience on reporting times.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 5889 standard and sleep-deprived EEG reports generated between 2015 and 2017.
  • Utilized the SCORE EEG software for data extraction.
  • Measured elapsed review and reporting times.

Main Results:

  • Median review time for standard EEG was 12.5 minutes; for sleep-deprived EEG, it was 20.9 minutes.
  • Normal EEGs had a median review time of 8.3 minutes; abnormal EEGs took longer and showed more variability.
  • Review times decreased by 25% over the study period; 99% of reports were completed within 24 hours.

Conclusions:

  • EEG review and reporting times using SCORE EEG software are reasonable.
  • Reporting time increases with EEG complexity and decreases with clinician experience.
  • Clinical EEG reports can be consistently provided within 24 hours of recording completion.