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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly
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Common Foot Problems: Over-the-Counter Treatments and Home Care.

Blair A Becker1, Marc A Childress2

  • 1Kaiser Permanente Washington Family Medicine Residency, Seattle, WA, USA.

American Family Physician
|September 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most common foot problems can be effectively treated at home using over-the-counter (OTC) remedies and simple exercises, often without needing a podiatrist. Primary care physicians can guide patients on managing conditions like plantar fasciitis and bunions with accessible treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Podiatry
  • Dermatology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Many foot disorders are prevalent and can cause significant discomfort and mobility issues.
  • Current treatment paradigms often involve specialist referrals and invasive procedures, which may not always be necessary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize evidence-based, conservative management strategies for common foot conditions.
  • To highlight the efficacy of over-the-counter (OTC) and home-based treatments guided by primary care physicians.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of literature on conservative treatments for common foot ailments.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data comparing OTC remedies, home exercises, and medical interventions.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes for conditions including plantar fasciitis, hallux rigidus, hallux valgus, plantar warts, corns, calluses, tinea pedis, and onychomycosis.

Main Results:

  • Plantar fasciitis resolves effectively with stretching, strengthening exercises, and heel cups, comparable to NSAIDs or steroid injections.
  • Hallux rigidus management involves rigid shoe inserts to restrict motion; hallux valgus responds to wide-toe box shoes.
  • OTC salicylic acid and cryotherapy are effective for plantar warts. Corns and calluses benefit from salicylic acid short-term and inserts long-term.
  • Topical allylamines are most effective for tinea pedis; OTC treatments for onychomycosis show poor long-term efficacy compared to oral prescriptions.

Conclusions:

  • A significant number of foot disorders can be successfully managed without podiatry referral, utilizing OTC products and home care.
  • Primary care physicians play a crucial role in diagnosing and guiding patients toward effective, conservative foot disorder treatments.
  • Conservative measures and OTC therapies offer viable and often equally effective alternatives to more complex interventions for many common foot conditions.