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Tricalcium Silicate Capping Materials Modulate Pulp Healing and Inflammatory Activity In Vitro.

Thomas Giraud1, Charlotte Jeanneau2, Madison Bergmann2

  • 1Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service d'Odontologie, Marseille, France.

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Summary

Biodentine demonstrated superior pulp healing and anti-inflammatory effects compared to other materials, promoting fibroblast proliferation and migration for better pulp repair. This highlights the importance of material selection in direct pulp-capping procedures.

Keywords:
Pulp capping materialspulp healingpulp inflammationtricalcium silicates

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Biomaterials
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Fibroblasts initiate pulp inflammation and healing via cytokine secretion.
  • Direct pulp-capping materials can disrupt these crucial processes.
  • Understanding material interactions with fibroblasts is vital for pulp repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vitro effects of silicate-based materials on pulp fibroblast modulation.
  • To assess the impact of Biodentine, TheraCal, and Xeno III on early pulp inflammation and healing steps.

Main Methods:

  • Eluates from Biodentine, TheraCal, and Xeno III were tested on stimulated fibroblasts.
  • Cytokine secretion (IL-6, VEGF, FGF-2, TGF-β1) was measured via ELISA.
  • Fibroblast proliferation, migration, and inflammatory cell interactions were evaluated in vitro.

Main Results:

  • Biodentine showed the highest FGF-2 and TGF-β1 secretion and induced fibroblast migration.
  • All materials increased IL-6 and VEGF, with Biodentine showing less increase.
  • Biodentine and TheraCal reduced inflammatory cell adhesion; Biodentine alone reduced migration.

Conclusions:

  • Pulp-capping materials significantly influence early pulp inflammation and healing.
  • Biodentine exhibits superior pulp healing and anti-inflammatory potential compared to resin-based materials.
  • Material choice is critical for optimizing direct pulp-capping outcomes.