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Associations of 26 Circulating Inflammatory and Renal Biomarkers with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Long-term
Sharda S Anroedh1,2, K Martijn Akkerhuis2,3, Rohit M Oemrawsingh2,4
1Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Room Na-316, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Insights
This study explored inflammatory biomarkers and their link to coronary lipid core burden index (LCBI) and cardiovascular outcomes. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) showed an association with adverse events, but no biomarker reliably predicted high LCBI.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Biomarker Discovery
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) derived lipid core burden index (LCBI) predicts major adverse cardiac events (MACE).
- The relationship between circulating inflammatory biomarkers and NIRS-derived LCBI is not well-established.
- Understanding these associations can improve cardiovascular risk stratification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association of 26 inflammatory biomarkers and renal markers with NIRS-derived LCBI.
- To examine the association of these biomarkers with long-term cardiovascular outcomes, including MACE, all-cause mortality, and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 581 patients undergoing coronary angiography or intervention was studied.
- NIRS imaging was performed on a non-culprit vessel in 203 patients.
- Multivariable analyses and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess associations, with Bonferroni correction applied for multiple comparisons.
Main Results:
- Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) showed a trend towards association with higher LCBI, but this did not reach statistical significance after correction.
- Interleukin-8 (IL-8) was significantly associated with all-cause mortality or ACS (HR 1.75; p=0.0015) and borderline associated with MACE (HR 1.60; p=0.002) after adjustment and correction.
- The investigated panel of biomarkers did not identify a reliable blood marker for high coronary LCBI.
Conclusions:
- Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including mortality and ACS.
- Despite the association of IL-8 with outcomes, the study did not find a useful blood biomarker to identify high coronary lipid core burden index (LCBI) using NIRS.
- Further research may explore other biomarkers or combinations for predicting high LCBI.
Purpose Of Review:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of 26 inflammatory biomarkers (acute phase proteins, cytokines, chemokines) and renal markers with coronary lipid core burden index (LCBI) assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging, as well as the association of these biomarkers with long-term cardiovascular outcome.
Recent Findings:
NIRS-derived LCBI has recently been shown to be an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). However, studies on the association between circulating biomarkers and NIRS-derived characteristics have not yet been performed. Between 2008 and 2011, 581 patients underwent diagnostic coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention for stable angina pectoris or acute coronary syndrome (ACS). NIRS of a non-culprit vessel was performed in a subset of 203 patients. In multivariable analyses, TNF-α tended to be associated with higher LCBI (beta 0.088 ln (pg/ml) increase per unit LCBI; 95% CI 0.000-0.177, p = 0.05) after adjustment for clinical characteristics. However, this association did not persist after Bonferroni correction (statistical threshold 0.0019). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were registered in 581 patients during a median follow-up time of 4.7 years (IQR: [4.2-5.6] years). After adjustment for clinical characteristics and Bonferroni correction, IL-8 (HR 1.60; 95% CI [1.18-2.17] per ln (pg/ml), p = 0.002) was borderline associated with MACE and significantly associated with all-cause mortality or ACS (HR 1.75; 95% CI [1.24-2.48] per ln (pg/ml), p = 0.0015). In conclusion, we found that IL-8 was independently associated with clinical outcome, but altogether, the multiplex panel we investigated here did not render a useful blood biomarker of high LCBI.
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