Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Pain

Pain

Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...

Analgesia and Pain Management

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...

Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance

Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance

Primary motives such as sleep, sex, and pain avoidance are crucial drivers of behavior in humans and animals. These motives ensure survival, reproductive success, and overall well-being by prompting actions that meet essential bodily needs.
Sleep is a fundamental physiological drive that fosters a state of restfulness crucial for several bodily functions. It facilitates body restoration, the process by which the body repairs, rejuvenates, and maintains itself during sleep, including memory...

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

Oxidation–Reduction Reactions

Predicting Molecular Geometry

Predicting Molecular Geometry

VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries

Prediction Intervals

Prediction Intervals

The interval estimate of any variable is known as the prediction interval. It helps decide if a point estimate is dependable.
However, the point estimate is most likely not the exact value of the population parameter, but close to it. After calculating point estimates, we construct interval estimates, called confidence intervals or prediction intervals. This prediction interval comprises a range of values unlike the point estimate and is a better predictor of the observed sample value, y.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Anticholinergic and sedative medication use in older patients with cognitive concerns.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·2024

Same author

Cognitive load and the effectiveness of distraction for acute pain in children.

European journal of pain (London, England)·2021

Same author

Sociodemographic patterns of pain in an urban community sample: an examination of intersectional effects of sex, race, age, and poverty status.

Pain·2020

Same author

Working memory and visual discrimination distraction tasks improve cold pressor pain tolerance in children.

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association·2019

Same author

An ICA based approach for steady-state and transient analysis of task fMRI data: Application to study of thermal pain response.

Journal of neuroscience methods·2019

Same author

Alcohol-triggered signs of migraine: An animal model.

Somatosensory & motor research·2016

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP

Published on: January 27, 2010

Higher Dispositional Optimism Predicts Lower Pain Reduction During Conditioned Pain Modulation.

Caroline E Hinkle¹, Raimi L Quiton¹

¹Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland.

The Journal of Pain

|September 17, 2018

Summary

Greater optimism was linked to less pain inhibition, contrary to expectations. This suggests complex interactions between optimism, pain modulation, and coping mechanisms in healthy adults.

Keywords:

CPM Optimism coping heat pain stress stress-induced analgesia

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram

Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram

Published on: July 7, 2023

Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management

Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management

Published on: March 28, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP

Published on: January 27, 2010

Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram

Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram

Published on: July 7, 2023

Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management

Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management

Published on: March 28, 2025

Area of Science:

Psychology
Neuroscience
Pain Research

Background:

Optimism is linked to better pain adjustment and lower pain sensitivity.
Previous research indicates optimism enhances pain threshold reduction via conditioned pain modulation (CPM).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between optimism and pain inhibition during CPM in healthy adults.
To test the hypothesis that higher optimism leads to greater suprathreshold pain inhibition.

Main Methods:

Seventy-seven healthy adults completed optimism, depression, pain catastrophizing, and neuroticism assessments.
Psychophysical testing included heat pain threshold, heat pain tolerance, and CPM magnitude calculation.
Regression analysis examined optimism's predictive power for CPM, controlling for covariates.

Main Results:

Higher optimism correlated with reduced CPM magnitude, indicating less pain inhibition.
Regression analysis confirmed optimism as a significant predictor of reduced CPM.
Depression also positively predicted reduced CPM, while optimism unexpectedly predicted less inhibition.

Conclusions:

Contrary to the hypothesis, greater optimism predicted less inhibition of suprathreshold pain.
These findings suggest distinct mechanisms for threshold-level and suprathreshold pain modulation.
The complex association between optimism and endogenous pain modulation warrants further investigation.