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Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis
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Drug-induced uveitis.

Ramana S Moorthy1,2,3, Meena S Moorthy4, Emmett T Cunningham5,6,7,8

  • 1Associated Vitreoretinal and Uveitis Consultants.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|September 18, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Medications, including newer biologic therapies, are increasingly recognized as causes of uveitis, an inflammatory eye condition. Awareness of drug-induced ocular inflammation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and avoiding unnecessary tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Uveitis is a common cause of vision loss, with many cases lacking a clear etiology.
  • Various systemic, topical, and even vaccine-related medications can trigger intraocular inflammation, scleritis, and orbititis.
  • These drug-induced causes are frequently overlooked in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and elucidate the association between medications and uveitis.
  • To increase clinician awareness of drug-induced ocular inflammation, particularly concerning newer pharmaceutical agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on medication-induced uveitis.
  • Analysis of associations between specific drug classes and ocular inflammatory conditions.

Main Results:

  • Medication-induced uveitis is increasingly prevalent, linked to biologic therapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs), BRAF/MEK inhibitors, anti-VEGF agents, and anti-TNF agents.
  • Newer systemic bisphosphonates also show a strong association with uveitis.
  • A wide range of drugs, including cidofovir, bisphosphonates, topical prostaglandin analogs, topical brimonidine, and BCG vaccination, can cause uveitis.

Conclusions:

  • The expanding pharmaceutical landscape presents new challenges with unintended ocular inflammatory side effects.
  • Ophthalmologists must consider medications as potential causes of uveitis.
  • Thorough patient history and review of systems can help identify causative agents, preventing extensive and unnecessary diagnostic workups.