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Unicameral bone cysts: Current concepts.
Shahryar Noordin1, Salim Allana2, Masood Umer1
1Orthopaedic Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012)
|September 19, 2018
Summary
Unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) are fluid-filled cavities often found in children and adolescents, typically resolving by skeletal maturity. Treatment options range from observation to surgical interventions for symptomatic cases.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Skeletal Pathology
Background:
- Unicameral bone cysts (UBCs), also known as simple or solitary bone cysts, are benign, fluid-filled lesions.
- These cysts progressively enlarge, leading to bone thinning and potential pathological fractures.
- UBCs predominantly affect children and adolescents, with 85% of cases occurring in this demographic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of unicameral bone cysts.
- To discuss the epidemiology, classification, and clinical presentation of UBCs.
- To review the differential diagnoses and management strategies for UBCs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of unicameral bone cysts.
- Analysis of epidemiological data, including age distribution and common locations.
- Summary of diagnostic criteria and treatment modalities.
Main Results:
- UBCs most commonly occur in the proximal humerus and femur (90% of cases).
- Active UBCs are located within 1 cm of the physis, while latent UBCs are in the diaphysis.
- The proximal humerus and femur are the most common sites, accounting for 90% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Most UBCs resolve spontaneously by skeletal maturity.
- Nonoperative management is a viable option for small or asymptomatic lesions.
- Treatment interventions include steroid injections, curettage with bone grafting, and percutaneous techniques.
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