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Introspection during short-term memory scanning.

Gabriel Reyes1, Jérôme Sackur2,3,4

  • 11 Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.

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Participants can introspectively distinguish cognitive processes in short-term memory tasks. This study measured the subjective number of scanned items, revealing access to decision-making complexity.

Keywords:
Introspectioncognitive processesmemory scanningmetacognitionshort-term memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Metacognition
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Metacognition literature suggests introspective access is limited to task-response states like confidence or response time.
  • Underlying cognitive processes driving these states have been considered inaccessible to conscious awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether participants can introspectively differentiate cognitive processes within short-term memory tasks.
  • To explore the accessibility of underlying cognitive mechanisms through self-report.

Main Methods:

  • Participants reported the subjective number of items mentally scanned during short-term memory retrieval on a trial-by-trial basis.
  • This subjective number of scanned items index was assessed after a judgment of recency task (Experiment 1) and an item recognition task (Experiment 2).
  • Experiment 3 involved a random mixture of both tasks.

Main Results:

  • Participants' introspection successfully accessed the complexity of their decisional processes.
  • The subjective number of scanned items correlated with the cognitive demands of the tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Conscious awareness may extend beyond task-response states to include underlying cognitive processes.
  • Introspective reports can provide valuable insights into the nature of cognitive operations in memory retrieval.