Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Antibody Structure

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...

Schemas

Schemas

A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A prospective double-blinded study evaluating threshold doses of dietary allergens that trigger adverse food reactions in dogs, and time to flare after exposure.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2026

Same author

Development and Validation of a New Scoring System (Total Leishmania Score) for Dogs with <i>Leishmania infantum</i> Infection Including Clinical and Laboratory Parameters.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Intradermal testing and allergen-specific IgE testing in dogs with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy and healthy dogs.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2026

Same author

Adverse Food Reactions in Dogs and Cats.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice·2025

Same author

[Canine atopic dermatitis - Special consideration of caregiver burden and quality of life of affected dogs and owners].

Tierarztliche Praxis. Ausgabe K, Kleintiere/Heimtiere·2025

Same author

Single Cold Atmospheric Plasma Therapy May Improve the Treatment Outcome of Canine Otitis Externa With Secondary Infection.

Veterinary dermatology·2025

Same journal

Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in Veterinary Medicine.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice·2026

Same journal

Practical Steps Toward Antimicrobial Stewardship for the General Practitioner.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice·2026

Same journal

Using Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine and Artificial Intelligence to Support Clinical Decision Making in Veterinary Practice.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice·2026

Same journal

Feline Asthma-Update on Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendations.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice·2026

Same journal

Disease Prediction and Precision Veterinary Medicine: Applications, Opportunities, and Limitations of Artificial Intelligence in Small Animal Practice.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice·2026

Same journal

The Moving Target of Companion Animal Infectious Diseases: Emerging Threats and Evolving Solutions.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

Published on: June 29, 2021

Update on Allergen Immunotherapy.

Ralf S Mueller¹

¹Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Medizinische Kleintierklinik, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstr. 13, Munich 80539, Bavaria, Germany.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice

|September 20, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Allergen immunotherapy is a key treatment for canine atopic dermatitis, stimulating tolerance to allergens. Approximately two-thirds of dogs experience significant clinical improvement with this therapy.

Keywords:

Allergen specific Canine Desensitization Feline Hyposensitization Intralymphatic

More Related Videos

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Published on: March 3, 2023

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Published on: February 2, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

Published on: June 29, 2021

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Published on: March 3, 2023

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Published on: February 2, 2014

Area of Science:

Veterinary Dermatology
Immunology

Background:

Atopic dermatitis is a common allergic skin disease in dogs and cats.
Allergen immunotherapy is the only specific treatment that modifies the disease's pathological mechanisms by inducing allergen tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the established and emerging methods of allergen immunotherapy for canine atopic dermatitis.
To highlight the efficacy and safety of various administration routes.

Main Methods:

Review of subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy, including standard and rush protocols.
Evaluation of newer administration routes such as oro-mucosal and intralymphatic delivery in dogs.

Main Results:

Subcutaneous administration is the most common route, involving induction and maintenance phases.
Rush protocols have demonstrated safety in dogs.
Emerging routes like oro-mucosal and intralymphatic administration are being explored.
Approximately 67% of treated dogs show good to excellent clinical improvement.

Conclusions:

Allergen immunotherapy is an effective treatment for canine atopic dermatitis, offering specific disease modification.
Various administration routes exist, with subcutaneous being standard and newer methods showing promise.
A significant majority of dogs benefit clinically from allergen immunotherapy.