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Related Experiment Video

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Laboratory Protocol for Genetic Gut Content Analyses of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Using Group-specific rDNA Primers

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Assessing changes in arthropod predator-prey interactions through DNA-based gut content analysis-variable

Bernhard Eitzinger^1,2, Nerea Abrego¹, Dominique Gravel³

¹Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Molecular Ecology

|September 20, 2018

Summary

Wolf spiders (Pardosa glacialis) in the High Arctic selectively consume prey, with taxonomic identity, not environmental factors or prey traits, driving predator-prey interactions. This selectivity influences how environmental change impacts food webs.

Keywords:

altitudinal gradient, body mass interaction probability lycosidae metabarcoding predator-prey interaction

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Community Ecology
Predator-Prey Dynamics

Background:

Understanding biotic interaction networks is crucial in ecology.
Environmental factors and species traits shape community interactions.
Predator-prey relationships are fundamental to ecosystem structure.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how environmental gradients and species traits influence predator-prey interactions.
To analyze the feeding selectivity of the wolf spider Pardosa glacialis.
To develop a novel approach to gut content analysis for community interaction studies.

Main Methods:

Utilized an elevational gradient in the High Arctic.
Employed pitfall trapping and vacuum sampling for prey community characterization.
Applied molecular gut content analysis to identify consumed prey.
Used joint species distribution models to analyze environmental influences.

Main Results:

Elevation and vegetation mass explained prey community composition but had minimal effect on gut contents.
Pardosa glacialis exhibited selective feeding, independent of environmental constraints.
Predation probability was not influenced by trait matching (body size), phylogenetic relatedness, or environmental factors.
Taxonomic identity of prey was a more significant factor than environmental constraints or prey traits.

Conclusions:

Predator selectivity plays a key role in shaping Arctic food webs.
Environmental change impacts predator-prey interactions indirectly through alterations in prey availability.
Taxonomic identity is a critical determinant in predator-prey interactions, overriding trait-based or environmental influences in this system.