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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

49.2K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
49.2K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

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Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
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Electron Affinity

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The electron affinity (EA) is the energy change for adding an electron to a gaseous atom to form an anion (negative ion).
43.4K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

131.0K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
131.0K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.1K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.1K
Affinity and Avidity01:41

Affinity and Avidity

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Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids
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Affinity Ionic Liquids for Chemoselective Gas Sensing.

Albert Chang1, Hsin-Yi Li2, I-Nan Chang3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Minghsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan. changalbertalbertchang@gmail.com.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Affinity ionic liquids (AILs) integrated with quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) offer sensitive, real-time gas detection at ambient temperatures. This approach overcomes limitations of traditional sensors, enabling selective detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Keywords:
chemoselective gas analysisionic liquidquartz crystal microbalancevolatile organic compound

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Sensing
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Selective gas sensing is crucial for health, safety, and environmental monitoring, with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) posing significant risks.
  • Conventional gas sensors, like metal-oxide semiconductors, often require high operating temperatures, limiting practical applications.
  • Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) offers a cost-effective platform but requires sensitive and selective sensing materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review conventional gas sensing technologies and highlight limitations.
  • To present the development and application of affinity ionic liquids (AILs) on QCM for gas detection.
  • To explore the potential of AIL-on-QCM systems for real-time, selective gas analysis at ambient temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of affinity ionic liquids (AILs) onto quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) devices.
  • Utilizing the tailorable functional groups in AILs for chemoselective reactions with target analytes.
  • Real-time detection of gases at ambient temperature using mass-sensitive QCM.

Main Results:

  • AIL-on-QCM demonstrates high sensitivity for real-time gas detection.
  • Achieved single-digit parts-per-billion detection limits for target analytes due to chemoselective interactions.
  • Structural diversity of AILs enables the creation of sensor arrays for simultaneous detection of gas mixtures.

Conclusions:

  • AIL-on-QCM technology provides a promising solution for sensitive and selective gas sensing at ambient temperatures.
  • This method overcomes the limitations of traditional high-temperature gas sensors.
  • The development of AIL-based sensor arrays holds potential for advanced electronic nose applications.