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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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Interference and Diffraction02:18

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Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
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Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

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Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
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RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

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Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
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RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
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RNA Interference in Ticks
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RNA Interference Ex Vivo.

Shuang Liu1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan. liussmzk@m.ehime-u.ac.jp.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA interference (RNAi) offers precise gene silencing for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) research. This chapter details methods for using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in T cells for therapeutic target gene silencing.

Keywords:
Gene silencingLentiviral mediated-deliveryRNA interferenceT cellsTransfection

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool for gene and protein expression regulation, offering specificity beyond traditional pharmacology.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) preclinical research benefits from gene silencing in immune cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA).
  • Advancements in cellular and systemic delivery of siRNA/shRNA have significantly impacted RA preclinical studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce basic techniques for gene silencing in human-derived peripheral T cells.
  • To demonstrate methods for targeting therapeutic genes in T cells for RA research.
  • To provide practical guidance on siRNA and shRNA delivery for gene silencing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Liposome-dependent siRNA transfection for gene silencing in T cells.
  • Lentiviral-mediated shRNA delivery for sustained gene silencing in T cells.
  • Application of these techniques for targeting specific genes in human peripheral T cells.

Main Results:

  • Successful gene silencing in primary human T cells using both siRNA and shRNA delivery methods.
  • Demonstration of the feasibility of targeting therapeutic genes relevant to rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Establishment of reliable protocols for RNAi application in T cell research.

Conclusions:

  • Liposome-dependent siRNA transfection and lentiviral-mediated shRNA delivery are effective for gene silencing in human T cells.
  • These RNAi techniques are valuable tools for preclinical research in rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Targeted gene silencing in immune cells provides a promising avenue for developing novel RA therapies.