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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

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Late preterms: are they all the same?

Manuel R G Carrapato1,2, Tatiana Pereira1, Cláudia Silva2,3

  • 1São Sebastião Hospital, Santa Maria Feira, Portugal.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|September 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Late preterm infants (LPT) are not a uniform group. Identifying distinct subgroups of LPT neonates is crucial for understanding their varied health outcomes and care needs.

Keywords:
Induced late pretermslate pretermspostponed late pretermsspontaneous late preterms

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Late preterm infants (LPT), born between 34 and 36 weeks gestation, constitute a significant majority of preterm births.
  • Despite lower mortality rates compared to very preterm infants, LPT neonates face increased neonatal morbidities, imposing substantial burdens.
  • The incidence of LPT births has risen in recent years, necessitating a deeper understanding of this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether late preterm infants (LPT) represent a homogenous group.
  • To differentiate LPT neonates based on their pre- and postnatal circumstances.
  • To identify distinct classes of LPT neonates and their potential behavioral differences.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of late preterm infants (LPT) into distinct subgroups based on birth circumstances.
  • Analysis of spontaneous late preterms (SpLPT), induced LPT (IdLPT), and postponed delivery LPT (PtLPT).
  • Comparison of behavioral and clinical characteristics across identified LPT subgroups.

Main Results:

  • Late preterm infants (LPT) are not a uniform group, despite similar gestational ages.
  • Three distinct classes of LPT neonates were identified: spontaneous (SpLPT), induced (IdLPT), and postponed delivery (PtLPT).
  • These LPT subgroups exhibit different behaviors and may require tailored medical approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Late preterm infants (LPT) exhibit significant heterogeneity.
  • Recognizing distinct LPT subgroups (SpLPT, IdLPT, PtLPT) is essential for appropriate clinical management.
  • Further research into the specific needs and outcomes of each LPT class is warranted.