Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026
13:32
VirWaTest, A Point-of-Use Method for the Detection of Viruses in Water Samples
Published on: May 11, 2019
9.0K
Evaluation of different LSC methods for 222Rn determination in waters
Jovana Nikolov1, Ivana Stojković2, Nataša Todorović1
1University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Summary
This study calibrates liquid scintillation counting (LSC) for measuring radon in water, evaluating two methods and four cocktails. Both LSC methods proved effective for accurate radon detection in water samples.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Analytical Chemistry
- Radiochemistry
Background:
- Radon-222 (Rn) monitoring in water is crucial for geological surveys and health hazard assessments.
- Liquid scintillation counting (LSC) is a preferred method for waterborne Rn due to its efficiency and automation capabilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To calibrate the Qunatulus 1220™ liquid scintillation counter for Rn in water measurements.
- To evaluate one-phase and two-phase LSC methods for optimal Rn detection in water.
- To assess the performance of four different scintillation cocktails for Rn analysis.
Main Methods:
- Calibration of LSC using calibration factor (CF) dependence on Pulse Shape Analysis (PSA).
- Evaluation of one-phase and two-phase LSC methods using four scintillation cocktails (Ultima Gold AB, High Efficiency Mineral Oil Scintillator, Opti-Fluor O, Ultima Gold F).
- Comparison of LSC results with alpha spectrometry (RAD7) using 226Ra spiked and environmental water samples.
Main Results:
- Both one-phase and two-phase LSC methods are suitable for Rn in water measurement with proper calibration.
- All tested scintillation cocktails yielded very low Minimal Detectable Activity (MDA) values (<0.1 Bq/L for 300 min).
- LSC demonstrated good accuracy and precision when compared to alpha spectrometry.
Conclusions:
- The Qunatulus 1220™ LSC system, when properly calibrated, is a reliable tool for quantifying radon in various water matrices.
- The choice of scintillation cocktail and method (one-phase or two-phase) can be optimized based on specific analytical needs.
- The study confirms the low detection limits achievable with LSC for environmental radon monitoring.
Keywords:
PSA discriminatorRadon in water measurementThe calibration factorWater-immiscible LS cocktailsWater-miscible LS cocktailMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:22Protein-Drug Binding: Determination Methods
654
Determining protein-drug binding can be achieved through indirect and direct methods, each providing valuable insights into the interaction between proteins and drugs.
Indirect methods involve isolating the bound drug from its free form in biological samples such as blood, serum, or plasma. These techniques aim to measure the percentage of drugs bound to proteins. Equilibrium dialysis is a commonly used method where the free drug concentration at equilibrium is measured by separating the bound...
Indirect methods involve isolating the bound drug from its free form in biological samples such as blood, serum, or plasma. These techniques aim to measure the percentage of drugs bound to proteins. Equilibrium dialysis is a commonly used method where the free drug concentration at equilibrium is measured by separating the bound...
654
01:23States of Water
57.0K
Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
57.0K
01:21Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods
305
Determining the optimal dose size and dosing frequency in pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. This article explores the methodologies employed in determining these parameters, focusing on their significance and interplay to tailor dosing regimens.Dose Size: Dose size refers to the amount of a drug administered in a single dose. It is determined based on the drug's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and...
305
01:19Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods
245
A medication’s effectiveness largely depends on its appropriate dosage and the route of administration. Dosage ensures that a sufficient drug concentration is maintained in the bloodstream to elicit the desired therapeutic effect without causing toxicity. The route of administration affects the drug's bioavailability, rate of absorption, and onset of action, which are crucial for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Drug dosage calculations are critical to tailoring therapy to...
245
01:00The Water Cycle
28.6K
The Earth’s hydrosphere includes all of the areas where the storage and movement of water occurs. Since water is the basis of all living processes, the cycling of water is extremely important to ecosystem dynamics.
28.6K
02:34Water and Mineral Acquisition
35.8K
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
35.8K