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Effectiveness of monovalent rotavirus vaccine in the Philippines

Anna Lena Lopez1, Jedas Veronica Daag2, Joel Esparagoza3

  • 1Institute of Child Health and Human Development, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, 1000, Philippines. annalenalopez@gmail.com.

Scientific Reports
|September 26, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The rotavirus vaccine (RVV) demonstrated significant effectiveness in preventing rotavirus hospitalization in Philippine children. This study supports RVV

Area of Science:

  • Public Health and Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Rotavirus (RV) is a primary cause of severe diarrheal disease in children under five years old globally.
  • The monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RVV) was introduced into the Philippines' public health program in 2014, with a recommended two-dose schedule.
  • Assessing vaccine effectiveness within real-world public health programs is crucial for understanding vaccine impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RVV) when administered within the routine public health immunization program in the Philippines.
  • To determine the vaccine's impact on rotavirus hospitalization and severe rotavirus diarrhea among young children.

Main Methods:

  • A test-negative case-control study design was employed.
  • Data were collected from September 2014 to August 2017, including 967 hospitalized children under five with diarrhea.
  • Eligible children who received at least one dose of RVV were compared to controls; stool specimens were tested for rotavirus.

Main Results:

  • Among children aged 8 months and older eligible for RVV, at least one dose showed an adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 60% against rotavirus hospitalization (95% CI: 24%, 79%).
  • VE against severe rotavirus diarrhea was 64% (95% CI: 11%, 85%).
  • The findings indicate a significant protective effect of RVV in the studied population.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides evidence supporting the integration of the monovalent rotavirus vaccine into the routine public health immunization program in the Philippines.
  • While effective, considerations for cost, cost-effectiveness, and operational feasibility are necessary for national adoption.
  • RVV demonstrates a valuable role in reducing the burden of rotavirus disease in young children.

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