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Thyroid function in pediatric population with different nutritional status.

María R Ayala-Moreno1, Jennifer Guerrero-Hernández1, Arely Vergara-Castañeda1

  • 1Laboratorio de Obesidad y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Grupo de Investigación en Alimentos y Salud de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad La Salle, Ciudad de México, México.

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Summary

Thyroid dysfunction is linked to obesity in Mexican children. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) prevalence was 11.30%, higher in overweight and obese children, and prepubertal children.

Keywords:
Estado nutricionalFunción tiroideaHipotiroidismo subclíncoHormonas tiroideasNutritional statusSubclinical hypothyroidismThyroid functionThyroid hormones

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Thyroid dysfunction, particularly obesity and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), is a growing concern in Mexican schoolchildren.
  • Limited research exists on the specific prevalence and characteristics of thyroid dysfunction within this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between thyroid hormones and anthropometric indicators of nutritional status in Mexico City schoolchildren.
  • To compare thyroid status and SCH prevalence across different nutritional categories and pubertal stages.

Main Methods:

  • Measured thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (TH) in schoolchildren.
  • Correlated hormone levels with anthropometric variables (nutritional status).
  • Compared thyroid status and SCH prevalence based on nutritional condition and pubertal development.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of SCH was 11.30%, with higher TSH levels in prepubertal versus pubertal children.
  • TSH levels were elevated in children with obesity compared to normal-weight children.
  • A positive correlation was observed between TSH levels and all anthropometric variables; SCH was more prevalent in overweight/obese children.

Conclusions:

  • Body fat content is significantly associated with thyroid status in Mexican schoolchildren.
  • Pubertal development is a crucial factor to consider when diagnosing hyperthyrotropinemia in pediatric populations.